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THEME
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SUB-THEMES
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Development economics, finance and management
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Microfinance, microinsurance
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Fair Trade and development
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Aid effectiveness
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Debt and risk management
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Role of financial institutions in development, FDIs
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Alternative financing options (including aspects dealing with the reforming of financial systems and sustainable financing practices, inclusive finance, green finance, women finance, housing finance)
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Infrastructure development (Social and Physical)
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Future studies
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Circular economy and economics of waste
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Township economy, LED, cooperatives and entrepreneurship
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Development institutions (Bi- and Multi-lateral institutions; NGOs and grassroots organisations in development
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Leadership, governance and development
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Ocean sciences and coastal research
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Sustainable coastal communities (livelihoods, food security, aquaculture, LED, environmental justice, sustainable tourism, social justice)
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Integrated/dynamic ocean policy, governance and management
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Environmental stewardship and sustainable livelihoods
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Agriculture, food sovereignty and food security
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Land and rural livelihoods
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Climate change and sustainable development
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Political economy of resource use, policy and development conflict
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Urban sustainable and participatory design, human settlements and alternative/appropriate technology
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Community development and local economic development
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Social movements, social change and service delivery
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Labour, skills and capabilities
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Innovation and ICT in development
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